EU classifies ChatGPT as a major search engine under the DSA
The European Commission has classified ChatGPT as a Very Large Online Search Engine (VLOSE) under the Digital Services Act (DSA). This imposes entirely new transparency and risk management requirements on OpenAI.
What happened?
The European Commission has designated ChatGPT as a Very Large Online Search Engine (VLOSE) under the Digital Services Act (DSA). This marks the first time a generative AI assistant has been given this classification. The decision was reached in August 2026 after the service exceeded the threshold for the number of active users within the EU.
Key facts
| Designationsdatum | 31 augusti 2026 |
|---|---|
| Klassificering | VLOSE (Very Large Online Search Engine) |
| Regelverk | Digital Services Act (DSA) |
Why it matters
The VLOSE classification subjects generative AI tools that function as search engines to the same stringent requirements as traditional search engines. This introduces new demands for algorithmic transparency, advertising disclosure, and the management of systemic risks such as the spread of disinformation.
Who is affected?
The decision directly affects OpenAI and EU-based users of ChatGPT. Developers of other AI assistants with integrated web search functionality are also affected, as the ruling establishes a precedent for how similar tools will be regulated in the European market.
Impact on the EU
The designation means that OpenAI must comply with DSA regulations for search engines within the EU, which requires systematic risk assessments, annual independent audits, and enhanced transparency regarding algorithms and advertising.
What else you should know
The decision was made after OpenAI reported that ChatGPT had reached the threshold of 45 million monthly active users in the EU. At the same time, the platforms Reddit and Roblox were designated as Very Large Online Platforms (VLOP) under the same regulatory framework.
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